Turtle Island Native Network May 2008 Monthly News Briefs

[May 2008 News Briefs]

Turtle Island Native Network May 2008 Monthly News Briefs

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News and Comment
by Tehaliwaskenhas - Bob Kennedy ( Onyota'a:ka / Oneida )
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Turtle Island Native Network
http://www.turtleisland.org

May 31, 2008 - The city of Brantford was not successful in getting an injunction against Six Nations land rights activists. However, it wasn't unsuccessful either. The fact is, Ontario Superior Court Justice G. E. Taylor who heard the matter, reserved his decision. Floyd and Ruby Montour, the Haudenosaunee Development Institute, lawyer Aaron Detlor, Clive Garlow, Charles and Mary Green and David Martin are named in the legal action - an order, if granted would stop protesters from hindering developers. The city also is asking for $110 million in damages. There was a rally in Victoria Park in Brantford across from courthouse where the city was seeking the injunction. Here is the Haudenosaunee statement. "We have come here today in accordance with Kaianerekowa (The Great Binding Law). We gather here today in peace and friendship, to show Solidarity for Our People who are discriminated against, exploited and oppressed by the Canadian Courts and 'Justice' system - a system which has no jurisdiction to issue injunctions against the Haudenosaunee on our traditional territory. We are speaking and acting as One Mind, One Voice and as One Unified Body. We have our own law, and its message is clear - the lands of Turtle Island were made for the Ongwehonwe (Original Beings) to care for and steward. Within our law, within Kaianerekowa our responsibilities are clear and our duties lay plain before us. The irresponsible policies practiced by the governments of Ontario and the Federal Government of Canada contribute to the degradation of the lands, environment and well-being of all peoples, as well as the Haudenosaunee. We will no longer sit silently by while the interests of Owisda (money), politics and greed continue to develop our lands granted by right - continue to dig up our ancestor's remains in sacrilege - continue to perpetuate a wholly abhorrent and unsustainable way of life that threatens the well-being of the entire human race. With the Good Mind, we the Haudenosaunee announce once again that we are united within our territories from the Eastern Door to the Western Door and all points in between. As one unified body, we the Haudenosaunee are an unstoppable force that the Crown governments of Canada and Ontario can neither deny, nor silence."

May 30, 2008 - Approximately 1,500 people have been evacuated as a result of forest fires in northern Manitoba. Norway House Tribal Council has declared a state of emergency. Approximately 1,112 people have been evacuated from island communities such as Mission Island and Fort Island to Norway House. The Manitoba Association of Native Fire Fighters (MANFF) and the federal Department of Indian Affairs are working with evacuees and the communities. A fire is burning out of control south of St. Theresa Point. 139 people have been evacuated to Winnipeg because of potential health risks. MANFF is the lead agency for this evacuation.

May 29, 2008 - Aboriginal people in Canada are one step closer to full access to Canada's human rights system, according to the Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC). The Commission was commenting on the recent passage of Bill C-21 in the House of Commons. "This is a milestone piece of legislation," said CHRC Chief Commissioner Jennifer Lynch, Q.C., "How appropriate that this historic step forward by Parliament is being taken now, as today is the National Day of Action." The legislation would close a 30-year gap, which limited human rights protection on matters relating to the Indian Act. Once passed in the Senate, the Bill would repeal section 67 of the Canadian Human Rights Act. The Commission has urgently recommended repeal in its two reports, "A Matter of Rights" and "Still A Matter Of Rights." Repeal of this section is just a first step. The real work for the Commission and for First Nations - building effective human rights protection - is just beginning. The Commission anticipates close collaboration with First Nations organizations to build a human rights system that reflects and respects Aboriginal peoples' cultures and traditional laws. Ms. Lynch applauded the cooperation shown by Parliamentarians in working to reach a consensus on the legislation.

Tony Clement, Canada's Minister of Health announced $2 million to improve addictions services in Vancouver's downtown eastside,"that will help First Nations and Inuit recover from addictions to alcohol and illicit drugs'. The federal funding will be provided over five years and will be used in partnership with provincial and local agencies. Today's announcement is in addition to the $10 million announced in May for Vancouver's downtown eastside neighbourhood, to improve mental health and addictions services and make new treatment beds available for vulnerable female drug addicts. "First Nations and Inuit people make up approximately 3% of the Canadian population yet they make up over 25% of the people living in Vancouver's downtown eastside," said Minister Clement. "By providing this funding we are ensuring that treatment services are available to those with drug addictions. Treatment, along with prevention and tackling drug crimes, is the focus of our Government's new Anti-Drug Strategy."

May 28, 2008 - The Assembly of First Nations is calling on all Canadians to join them in a peaceful march and rally in Ottawa on the second National Day of Action on May 29th. In advance of the rally, the AFN issued the following seven point challenge to the Government of Canada - Reform the System by working with First Nations to set aside the legislation that controls our lives - the Indian Act - and replace it with First Nations involvement in local-decision making power and responsibility - Ensure Results by implementing the recommendations of the Auditor General of Canada on accountability - Establish Fair Funding by ending the discrimination against First Nations children. This means providing fair funding in core programs like education and child and family services - Commit to Equality of Outcomes by closing the gap in the quality of life between First Nations and other Canadians within ten years, as agreed to by the leaders of federal, provincial, territorial and First Nations governments - Focus on the Future by setting as priorities education and revenue sharing from resource development to help First Nations build their economies and take their place in Canada's economy - Respect First Nations Rights and the Rule of Law by honouring the legal obligations set out in the Treaties, the Constitution, international law and the Supreme Court of Canada - and finally, Recognize the Rights of First Nations Governments in Canada - Support the rights, roles and responsibilities of First Nations as an order of government in Canada. Meanwhile, in Ontario the Six Nations elected council is urging no participation in the National Day of Action. Chief Councillor Bill Montour explained, "This year, the (band) council has made a resolution that there will be no day of action. I don't think Phil Fontaine and the Assembly of First Nations have any right to call people out to protest. We at the community level can do that quite well on our own. The national leaders can call for a national day of action, but when it gets out of hand, the community leaders are left to clean up".

The Dene Nation issued a news release, offering condolences to the Yallee family, for the loss of Alvin Yallee, a well respected leader. On Saturday, a Great Slave helicopter went down near Tulita (Norman Wells, NWT) and Mr. Yallee did not survive the crash. Dene National Chief Bill Erasmus said, "Mr. Alvin Yallee served as Vice President of the Dene Nation and made a great contribution to the organization and all Dene. Mr. Yallee played a key role in gaining consensus on the Sahtu Land Claims Agreement. He later became President of the Sahtu Land and Financial Corporation. He is also remembered as the first person in the NWT to have the courage and strength to bring forth charges of abuse suffered at Indian Residential School. We thank him and his family for his courage and integrity he had in moving us forward with dignity and strength. Residential School survivors are grateful to Mr. Yallee for changing the course of history." Mr. Yallee believed in his cultural ways and supported young people in training and traditional knowledge. He will be greatly missed by people of all ages.

May 27, 2008 - Jeannette Corbiere-Lavell, who led a Supreme Court challenge of the federal government's system of determining Indian Status, is the first Anishinabek Nation Commissioner on Citizenship. "It is important that we distinguish between Indian Status and Citizenship," Grand Council Chief John Beaucage said in announcing the appointment at the E-Dbendaagzijig ("those who belong") conference. "Our new commissioner carries with her all our confidence in assuming a leadership role in our citizenship initiative." Commissioner Corbiere-Lavell stated, "I am honoured to have been chosen to undertake this urgent commission at this appropriate and opportune time. This issue has caused too much hurt and division in our communities and it is time we did something about it. I commend the Anishinabek leadership, in all our communities, for taking this brave and unprecedented step." Ms. Corbiere-Lavell is a central figure in the pursuit of fairness and recognition for First Nations women and children, especially those who have lost their Indian status due to provisions of the Indian Act. Aside from lack of access to social and treaty benefits that are attached to Indian status, the loss of status can also carry a stigma in First Nation communities. In April of 1970, the citizen of Wikwemikong Unceded Indian Reserve married David Lavell, which resulted in the loss of her Indian Status and citizenship rights. Corbiere-Lavell began her struggle to ensure that the rights of Indian women were equal to the rights of Indian men under the Indian Act. In 1973, the Supreme Court of Canada heard Ms. Corbiere-Lavell's case, now known as the Lavell case, but it was lost by a single vote from the bench. When the Indian Act was revised in 1985, Bill C-31 created new criteria for Indian Status. Section 6 (2) states that only children of two parents with Indian status can pass Indian status on to their children. The rule, sometimes called the 'two-generation cut-off', could mean the extinction of so-called "status Indians" within six generations. In some Anishinabek Nation communities, it is predicted that the last status Indian will be born as early as 2012. "We reject outright the concept of Indian Status," said Grand Council Chief Beaucage. "I can think of no other issue as crucial for our future or as fundamental to our Nation as Citizenship. It is not my status card that tells me I am Anishinaabe. The legacy of my forefathers, and my connections with my family, my community and my Nation tell me who I am." As the Anishinabek Nation Commissioner on Citizenship, Ms. Corbiere-Lavell will consult with Anishinabek Nation leaders and citizens across Anishinabek territory, provide expert advice to the Grand Council Chief and the Chiefs Committee on Governance, and deliver a final report that will aid in the development of the Anishinabek Nation Citizenship Law. In June 2007, the Anishinabek Grand Council unanimously endorsed a resolution giving Grand Council Chief Beaucage the mandate to develop the law.

$750,000 from the Ontario government will help the residents of Pikangikum First Nation to build a new community centre, to house a community hall, gym, bakery, general store, Prenatal Nutrition and Healthy Babies office as well as other amenities that help improve the community's overall health and well-being. "This community centre is going to make a real difference to us," said Pikangikum First Nation Chief, Dean Owen. "It will give us a chance to really come together as a community and get more youth involved in activities that promote better health." Pikangikum First Nation is an Ojibway community of over 2,000 people located on Pikangikum Lake, approximately 100 km northwest of Red Lake, Ontario.

May 26, 2008 - Katzie First Nation launched a lawsuit alleging inadequate consultation by the BC government. This was sparked by a March 26 decision affecting economic development in Katzie territory. "Katzie has never surrendered title to our land. We are the rightful decision makers and are here to stay. We have repeatedly engaged in government review and referral processes in good faith to resolve many competing interests in our territory." Katzie is seeking damages and the resumption of a review process, after Environment Minister Barry Penner, without notice or consultation, recommended against approving the Northwest Cascade Power proposal to adjust the boundaries of Pinecone Burke Provincial Park in the Upper Pitt River to facilitate its proposed run-of-river power project. "Minister Penner has shown complete disregard for due process and a lack of respect for our aboriginal rights. Rejecting a project that would open up opportunities for Katzie First Nation without our input breaches the constitutional and fiduciary obligations of the B.C. Government," said Debbie Miller, chief negotiator. "The Pitt River watershed is at the heart of Katzie territory, and figures significantly in our identity, held in trust for future generations." Legal action points to the provincial government's neglect of its responsibility to comply with the terms of the 1995 Pinecone Burke Provincial Park/Katzie First Nation Memorandum of Understanding. The MOU gives Katzie a say in any decisions affecting the park. Preliminary discussions commenced in December 2007 regarding the proposed park boundary adjustment. Katzie was still reviewing environmental implications when Minister Penner rejected the proposed adjustment, which would have accommodated the Upper Pitt run-of-river power project. "We had every reason to believe that our ongoing discussions with the province were proceeding, and that officials were respecting our right to determine what happens to our land. We negotiated with the company proposing to develop power in our territory, and signed a letter of intent with them to benefit our people," said Miller. "The Pitt River watershed has been affected by logging, road building and other resource extraction activity since the late 1800s. The people of British Columbia have benefitted greatly from this; Katzie has not. Katzie First Nation will continue to protect its rights through all necessary legal action."

May 24, 2008 - Following ten years of negotiations, Chief Glenn Hudson announced Canada has agreed to pay $126 million to the Peguis First Nation, forced to move a century ago from the Red River Valley in Manitoba. The offer is believed to be the largest "specific" settlement in Canadian history involving a single land claim. "I think we've arrived at a very fair amount in terms of the assessment," said Chief Hudson. "I don't think there's any amount of compensation that can rectify that situation. I know I feel very upset when I go by that former St. Peter's reserve," Hudson said. "I wouldn't call it justice, but it is another chapter in Peguis's history." About 1,200 Peguis were forced to move from the reserve near Selkirk to lands farther north in 1907. While the First Nation nominally approved the move, later investigations have determined that the process was rigged. The government acknowledged in 1998 that the Peguis were entitled to compensation.

Chief Yvette Metansinine joined federal and provincial ministers to celebrate the creation of a new reserve for the Animbiigoo Zaagi'igan Anishinaabek (AZA) First Nation in Northwestern Ontario. Recognized as a separate band in 1922 when the original Nipigon Band was divided into four bands, the AZA First Nation (formally known as Lake Nipigon Ojibway First Nation) was the only one of the four not to receive a reserve land base. In order to address this unique circumstance, the Government of Canada, the Government of Ontario and the AZA First Nation entered into a tripartite agreement for the creation of a new reserve in 2005. "The creation of a reserve land base has been a dream for the people of Animbiigoo Zaagi'igan since the signing of the Robinson Superior Treaty in 1850," said Chief Metansinine. "The Lake Nipigon reserve will provide us with the home we need to revive our culture, our traditions and our language. We will create a community that honours the past as we look to the future to capture opportunities that will help us build a prosperous community for future generations, all the while managing resources in a respectful manner that is consistent with our traditions and values. The creation of this reserve is our first step toward creating a model community for members. As we move forward, we will use best practices in community planning and seek to build upon our partnerships with government departments." The reserve was created under the provisions of the Land and Larger Land Base Framework Agreement, which was established in 1991 to address the circumstances of First Nations with small reserves or no reserves. The Province of Ontario transferred 1270 hectares (12.7 square kilometres) of provincial Crown lands to Canada to create the reserve. Lake Nipigon reserve is located on the south shore of Partridge Lake, north of Highway 11 between Beardmore and Geraldton. The AZA First Nation has 323 registered members. As a result of reserve creation, the First Nation will be eligible for new economic development opportunities to be determined following the completion of a socio-economic study.

May 23, 2008 - City of Brantford takes legal action against Six Nations land rights activists. High-profile disruptions have been occurring at various properties throughout the City of Brantford over the past two months, as Six Nations land rights activists / protestors have been appearing at development sites. They have made it clear that they will continue to stop work until certain conditions of the Haudenosaunee Development Institute (HDI) are satisfied - including the payment of fees. These protests have stopped development activity at a number of sites, including: the Hampton Inn; the Kingspan Insulated Panels Ltd. (Kingspan); the Abridge Canada project; the Cambridge Heritage Management Corporation residential development; and a proposed industrial building in the Northwest Industrial Business Park. "Tensions in the City are mounting due to the increased frequency of, and sites affected by, the defendants' unlawful activities. A physical confrontation and disturbance of the peace or riot is inevitable and imminent. . ." That's what the City of Brantford is saying in its legal action against Six Nations land rights activists who have been challenging developers. Brantford went to the Superior Court of Justice to get an injunction against protestors, claiming a "full scale disturbance or riot" will likely occur. The city wants the court to make sure the Canadian military is made available if this does happen. "A notification to the Attorney General of Ontario fiom a judge of the Superior Court of Justice of Ontario that the services of the Canadian Forces are required in aid of the civil power because a disturbance of the peace or not is occurring or is likely to occur." Those named in the court action are Ruby Montour, Mary Green, Floyd Montour, Clive Garlow, Charlie Green, David Martin, Hazel Hill, Aaron Detlor, the Haudenosaunee Development Institute. As the legal action clearly indicates, this is about money. According to the evidence presented in court on behalf of the City of Brantford, "Should the disruptions to local development activity continue, more serious damage is likely to occur to the economy and tax base of the City of Brantford. As the problems with development delays become better known, decision-makers will identify the additional risks in investing in Brantford and go elsewhere." The City of Brantford claims the following relief against the defendants, jointly and (a) General damages in the amount of $100 million; (b) Special damages incurred, and hereinafter to be incurred, in the amount of $10 million. As well, the legal action is seeking from the court - "A declaration that the Six Nations of the Grand River Band of Indians, the Six Nations Council, the Six Nations Confederacy Council and the Haudenosaunee Development Institute, have no claim or colour of right permitting them to obstruct or interfere with access to, interfere with or prevent development of or request or require development or other fees or charges of any kind in relation to, land situated in the City of Brantford and that any such activities are unlawful and of no force and effect whatsoever - A declaration that the Six Nations of the Grand River Band of Indians, the Six Nations Council, the Six Nations Confederacy Council and the Haudenosaunee Development Institute have no right, title or interest in any lands situate within the City of Brantford other than land recognized as a reserve by Indian and Northern Affairs Canada or private land acquired for value, in good faith, and in the ordinary course."

KI Chief Donny Morris, Deputy Chief Jack McKay, head councillor Cecilia Begg, councillors Sam McKay, Darryl Sainnawap, and band member Bruce Sakakeep were released following an agreement between KI, the Government of Ontario, and Platinex Inc. - Nishnawbe Aski Nation (NAN) Grand Chief Stan Beardy welcomed the release of the jailed Kitchenuhumaykoosib Inninuwug (KI) leadership to attend their sentencing appeal at the Ontario Court of Appeal May 28 in Toronto. "We are pleased that an interim agreement has been reached for the release of the KI leadership," said Beardy, who greeted the KI leaders at the Thunder Bay Correctional Centre. "It is important that the government work with First Nation leadership on the issues that led to their imprisonment." The "KI6" were sentenced to six months in jail March 17 for civil contempt of court after disobeying a court order allowing junior mining exploration company Platinex Inc. to access KI traditional territory. Litigation between KI, Platinex Inc., and the Government of Ontario has been ongoing since Platinex sued the remote First Nation community for $10 billion after they were told to vacate KI traditional land February 2006. "First Nation leaders should not have to lose their freedom because of the Government of Ontario's failure to properly consult and accommodate First Nations," said Beardy. "It is imperative that the province overhaul various provincial legislatures that infringe upon Aboriginal and Treaty Rights as per the Supreme Court rulings to consult and accommodate First Nations prior to development."

May 22, 2008 - Grand Chiefs and Vice Chiefs of Treaty 6, 7 and 8 have signed a historic Protocol Agreement on Government to Government Relations with Alberta. The Protocol Agreement provides a commitment that Grand Chiefs will meet with the Premier once a year, and twice a year with Ministers responsible for consultation with First Nations regarding land and resource development. It also creates the possibility of other Ministers agreeing to similar meetings and processes. "It's an important step forward in establishing a collaborative approach with the Stelmach government," said Grand Chief of Treaty No. 7, Charles Weaselhead. "The protocol agreement provides a vehicle by which areas of concern can be addressed and streamlined to the decision makers who can affect change. We applaud the action of this government in recognizing our vision of securing a better future for all Albertans." Grand Chief of Treaty No. 6, Stanley Lagrelle stated, "This agreement provides the framework to work together in exploring and developing mutually beneficial opportunities. Our Chiefs look forward to forging ahead with the Alberta government in creating an advantage also for Alberta's First Nations". Grand Chief of Treaty No. 8, Arthur Noskey said, "This protocol agreement signifies a relationship built on mutual respect, renewed hope and trust with the Alberta government. Today, the Treaty territories of Treaty 6, 7 and 8 celebrate in formalizing this relationship with the provincial government and look forward to future endeavors". This agreement represents all 47 First Nations - more than 100,000 people across Alberta. Previous agreements, including those signed in 1993 and 1995, did not represent all First Nations in Alberta.

Penticton Indian Band and City of Penticton sign agreement of environmental, social and economic significance. "This is indeed a historic day that we celebrate the strengthening of the relationship between our communities," said Grand Chief Stewart Phillip. "We will be able to grow and prosper together." After a luncheon on May 20, 2008 attended by about 30 members of the Penticton Indian Band Council, Penticton City Council, PIB Development Corporation and City staff, Grand Chief Stewart Phillip and Mayor Jake Kimberley signed the Sewage Treatment Service Agreement. The Band and City have since 2004 been working on the 25-year agreement that will provide sanitary sewage treatment for the Band lands on the west side of the Okanagan River Channel. Intense negotiations have been underway since January. A news release explained, "The agreement will benefit the environment, as businesses and residences on the Penticton Indian Band lands currently rely on septic systems which can be especially problematic in areas with a high water table, such as the lower village area. The agreement will also help to diversify the area's economy, as the City of Penticton has little developable land available, especially for industrial purposes".

Aboriginal athletes got a big boost as federal, provincial and territorial Ministers responsible for Sport, Physical Activity, and Recreation agreed on a number of areas at their annual meeting today in Victoria, BC - advancing Aboriginal participation in sport - increasing physical activity, and encouraging action to reduce violence in sport. Ministers underscored the important role of the North American Indigenous Games (NAIG) in contributing to Aboriginal sport development, by announcing a one time commitment of up to two million dollars to assist provincial and territorial teams to travel to the competition. NAIG 2008 is being held in Cowichan, British Columbia from August 3 - 10. Ministers agreed to develop a formal funding framework comprised of mandatory standards for athlete preparation and team selection as a basis for funding for travel to future NAIG events. The Ministers also approved the development of a Canada Games Aboriginal Coach Apprenticeship Program, to be piloted at the 2009 Canada Summer Games in Prince Edward Island and the 2011 Canada Winter Games in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The program will support the development of Aboriginal coaches for each Canada Games and help build coaching capacity within Aboriginal communities.

Phil Fontaine, the National Chief of the AFN, Tony Clarke, the Executive Director of Polaris Institute and the Canadian Labour Congress released Boiling Point - a publication on the water crisis facing First Nation communities in Canada. "The shocking and deplorable conditions of First Nation communities being denied access to safe, clean drinking water is similar to what I have witnessed myself in Mexico, India, South Africa and other Third World countries," said Tony Clarke of the Polaris Institute and author of several books on water. "Water is a basic human right and Boiling Point should be a wake-up call for people across Canada to demand concerted action from our governments now." Boiling Point, written by the Polaris Institute, showcases 6 First Nation communities that have and continue to face water crises including contaminated source, well and tap water and long-standing boil water advisories. "The crisis in our communities is untenable," the National Chief Phil Fontaine noted. "In a country like Canada -- that has the most fresh water in the world -- to have First Nation communities struggle on a daily basis to provide their citizens with healthy water for drinking and clean water for bathing is completely unacceptable." Hassan Yussuff, Secretary Treasurer for the Canadian Labour Congress commented, "Canadians expect a swift response anytime they face a boil water advisory of the public water system, yet nearly 100 First Nation communities live with these advisories on a daily basis, and in some cases endure tainted, polluted and utterly undrinkable water for years--- this is nothing less than a fundamental violation of what should be a basic human right." Boiling Point provides a critical review of the ongoing lack of progress and action on the part of government in providing safe drinking water to First Nation communities.

May 21, 2008 - Correctional Investigator, Howard Sapers issued another damning report against Correctional Service of Canada - this one involving the death of a First Nation man. "Yet again we find that the Correctional Service falls short in its legal mandate to preserve life and quickly act on recommendations related to inmate deaths. We will continue to see tragic deaths like this until the Correctional Service implements corrective action in all its institutions to improve mental health services, address the program needs of inmates and improve staff responsiveness to emergency situations." A report into the October 2006 death of the inmate found Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) staff failed to respond adequately to a medical emergency, allegations of discrimination toward a First Nation offender who died, inaccurate communications about the incident, and excessive delays in the investigative process. "Unfortunately, these disturbing findings continue a well documented pattern as detailed in numerous reports from this office, by the Correctional Service's own national investigations and by provincial coroners and medical examiners," said Mr. Sapers. The Assembly of First Nations issued a news release saying it is "deeply disturbed by the findings". - Why did it take so long for Correctional Service of Canada (CSC) staff to respond to a medical emergency which resulted in what appears to be a preventable loss of life? - Is there any truth to the allegations of racial discrimination towards this First Nations offender - allegations made by inmates and other corrections staff? - Why were there inaccurate communications about the incident, and why were there excessive delays in the investigative process? "Our sympathy and prayers go to the family of the victim of the preventable, senseless incident. We know that poverty breeds helplessness and hopelessness, which results in far too many of our young men and women committing crimes of despair," said AFN National Chief Phil Fontaine. This is another report highlighting the fact that nothing has really improved within the corrections system for our people," added National Chief Fontaine. Staff who attended the medical emergency failed to perform their duties by not determining the nature and extent of the inmate's wound and not administering first aid in the 30 minutes prior to the arrival of an ambulance. The inmate was left alone, locked in his cell, and was not monitored for large portions of this 30 minute period. For their failure to administer first aid and failing to action any attempts to save human life, four CSC employees directly involved in the incident received disciplinary sanctions. These sanctions ranged from ten to twenty days without pay. Allegations were made by both offenders and staff that the inmate's race played a role in the failure of staff to reasonably respond to the medical emergency. "These allegations were not reasonably addressed by the Correctional Service at the time they were made," stated the Correctional Investigator.

Housing conditions for many First Nations are not acceptable! With that in mind, the First Nations Leadership Council signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with the Government of Canada and the Province of B.C. - agreeing to work together to develop a comprehensive approach to improve housing for First Nations communities, individuals and families both on and off reserve. This agreement will -Acknowledge that working in partnership is necessary to overcome barriers and to address the housing gap between First Nations people and other British Columbians - Commit to exploring innovative approaches to improve housing and infrastructure for First Nations, individuals and families, including housing programs currently in place - Set out an initial framework for the collaborative development of interlinked on- and off-reserve housing strategies. A committee representing all three parties to the MOU will be formed within three months to collaboratively develop a plan for interlinked on- and off-reserve housing strategies in support of First Nations individuals and families. The Government of Canada, Province of B.C. and First Nations Leadership Council will then meet annually to discuss progress in implementing the MOU. Signatories to the memorandum of understanding are: First Nations Summit - B.C. Assembly of First Nations - the Union of B.C. Indian Chiefs - Indian and Northern Affairs Canada - Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation - the Province of B.C.

May 20, 2008 - Dene National Chief Bill Erasmus welcomed the news that Prime Minister Harper will apologize for abuse at residential schools. "However, the apology should not only be to the survivors themselves as generations of Dene have been affected socially, emotionally, politically, economically and spiritually. Our communities are still recovering from the loss of family cohesion, culture, language and identity. . . . We want a sincere apology to all Aboriginal People for the wrongs committed against them. An apology is not only in the words spoken but by a change in the approach the Federal Government takes with its policies, procedures and programs. The Indian Act that applies to First Nations continues to be a paternalistic, oppressive, colonial document meant to assimilate the First Nations. The Federal Government's current negotiation stance of extinguishment of rights under Land Claim Agreements only contributes further to distrust and lengthy, expensive court cases. . . . the apology is only a beginning to right the wrongs committed against the First Peoples who welcomed and assisted the settlers when they came into our county. We know that we cannot rewrite history; however, we can do things differently to ensure no one has to suffer the way our people have in the past. It will take generations to heal from the impacts of the Indian Residential School era. First Nations people are resilient and together they look forward to the future with hope that future generations will stand together as strong Nations with pride and dignity."

Manitoba Liberal Leader Dr. Jon Gerrard introduced a bill that would implement Jordan's Principle and put the needs of the child first. "This government claims to have a policy of putting the safety and interest of kids first. Implementing Jordan's Principle is a perfect way to live up to their claim. Right now in Norway House, Jordan's home community, three years after Jordan's death there are over 30 children in the same situation and this is unacceptable." Jordan was born in Norway House, Manitoba on October 22, 1999 with severe medical complications leading to hospitalization for the first two years of his life. After Jordan was well enough to go home a dispute between the provincial and federal governments arose over who was responsible for paying his home care bills including items as small as a shower head. As a result, Jordan was never able to go home to his community. Dr. Gerrard took up the cause of implementing Jordan's Principle beginning in December 2005 when he tabled a copy of Jordan's story in the Legislature and called on the provincial government to put the child first and adopt Jordan's Principle. "Sadly, the NDP have failed to implement Jordan's Principle and children continue to be caught between governments which results in children not being considered first," Dr. Gerrard said. "It is now time that Jordan's Principle be implemented because every child in Manitoba has the right to the best health care and the best social services on a timely basis." Liberal Bill 233 - The Jordan's Principle Implementation act operates on the notion that the child comes first and establishes the right of children to have timely access to quality health care and social services, regardless of jurisdictional disputes. This Act will come into forces six months after the day it receives royal assent. Grand Chief Ron Evans from the Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs applauded the legislation. "We are extremely pleased to see that Jordan's suffering was not in vain. We're pleased to see tabling of this legislation and hope to see it implemented."

May 18, 2008 - The winners of the 8th annual E-Spirit National Aboriginal Youth Business Plan Competition were announced last week at a special Awards Ceremony. The three-day event that lead to the ceremony attracted some 200 Aboriginal youth from across the country. It was hosted by the First Nations University of Canada and the University of Regina in Treaty Four territory. This year's event involved a total of 145 teams from 75 schools and over 436 students from across Canada. In addition to presentations by each team, an independent panel of experts judged business displays that included posters, detailed 3D mock-ups, product samples, business cards, promotional videos and laptop demonstrations. The Gold Award was presented to Bathurst High School in Bathurst, New Brunswick. The students are Michelle Kelly and Stephanie Peter-Paul, coached by Rose Kryszko. Their business project, Camp Mukluk, is designed to teach the youth of New Brunswick about the lifestyles and culture of Aboriginal people. Camp Mukluk is designed to offer recreation and adventure while promoting tourism to New Brunswick. The Silver Award was presented to LaSalle Secondary School in Sudbury, Ontario. The winning student is Lyndsay Brisard, coached by Leo Laclair. His business concept, The Summer Event Ride Program, aims to reduce the incidence of impaired driving in Sudbury after or during summer events. This service will be provided to event organizers who wish to ensure a safe ride home for guests. The Bronze Award was given to Gold River Secondary School from Gold River, British Colombia. Students awarded are Charmaine John and Katherine Fraser. The team was coached by Arlene Fehr. Their winning business idea, Running Slug, is to bring high-speed Internet service to the community of Tsaxana in British Columbia. A limited partnership with a regional provider will allow Charmaine and Katherine to use existing cable infrastructure and local looping for PLNet to ensure Tsaxana is "online with the times". Cash prizes were awarded to the three winning schools in the amount of $2,500 for Gold, $1,500 for Silver and $750 for Bronze. Six special achievement awards were also presented in addition to the cash prizes. The number of Aboriginal entrepreneurs has grown to over 27,000, representing a 30% increase from 1996 to 2001. This growth in self-employment is more than nine times that of the Canadian average.

May 17, 2008 - Urban reserve for Star Blanket Cree Nation (SBCN) and First Nations University of Canada. Band members unanimously voted in favour of the proposal to acquire 32.5 acres of land for the First Nations University of Canada, as part of its Treaty Land Entitlement (TLE) settlement. Chief Irvin Starblanket said, "This is an exciting development for the Star Blanket Cree Nation and the First Nations University of Canada. . . . We're overwhelmed with the news that all the ballots were marked yes. We're pleased our band membership recognizes the value and importance of this proposal -- their support represents a unified vision by our membership to providing a permanent on-reserve home for the First Nations University of Canada with the foresight that it will benefit First Nations people and the community as a whole." Under its Saskatchewan Treaty Land Entitlement Agreement with the federal and provincial government, Star Blanket Cree Nation is seeking reserve status for the land at 1 First Nations Way, the location of the First Nations University of Canada - Regina Campus. The property is located within Wascana Centre Authority, and is presently owned by First Nations University of Canada Inc., and shares infrastructure with the University of Regina. "It's been a lengthy process, but now we're one step closer to making history," said Al Ducharme, FNUniv's Vice President of Finance and Administration. "This referendum represents one of the last major steps for our University to becoming Canada's first post-secondary institution situated on reserve land."

May 16, 2008 - The following statement was released by the Minister of Indian Affairs, Chuck Strahl, concerning the Federal Government's apology to former students of Indian Residential Schools -"I am pleased and very proud to announce that the Prime Minister, the Right Honourable Stephen Harper, on behalf of the Federal Government and all Canadians, will make a statement of apology to former students of Indian Residential Schools on June 11 in the House of Commons. Thousands of former students and National Chief Phil Fontaine of the Assembly of First Nations, who is a former student of a residential school, have been calling for a formal apology from the Government of Canada for a number of years. Our Government shares their view that the apology is a crucial step in the journey towards healing and reconciliation. With the Settlement Agreement and the Indian Residential Schools Truth and Reconciliation Commission, I am hopeful that the apology will help turn the page from the sad legacy of Indian Residential Schools and open a new chapter - one that is founded on renewed hope, faith, mutual respect and trust. This will be a chapter that all Canadians can feel proud of."

May 15, 2008 - Ardoch Algonquin First Nation Chief Paula Sherman is preparing to be jailed in connection with her community's ongoing fight to protect their traditional territory from uranium mining. Chief Sherman was spared from going to jail when Robert Lovelace was sentenced to six months. But now she explains, "I will soon be going to jail because I cannot and will not pay this unjust fine. I am a single mother with three dependents whose only crime is the defense of our land. . . I would rather go to jail than take food out of my children's mouths or let our land be destroyed". Meanwhile, political prisoner Lovelace is now entering his fourth month in jail - a prisoner of conscience, "jailed by the government of Ontario to send a message that the interests of the mining industry will trump Aboriginal rights and the environment of Ontario". Lovelace, who is 60, announced that he will begin a hunger strike to press the government to respond to Ardoch's request for good faith negotiations. "I do not want my children and grandchildren to have to go through what we are going through. Starting tomorrow I will consume only water in the hopes that our cry for justice will be heard by Mr. McGuinty and Mr. Bryant."

May 14, 2008 - Beaver Lake Cree Nation launched a landmark lawsuit against Canada and Alberta saying developments infringe and impair their Treaty Rights and have left the First Nation "with no meaningful way to exercise the Treaty Rights". Treaty Rights have been damaged by development projects . . . oil and gas, forestry and others . . . more than 500 are listed in the lawsuit - mostly oil and gas, including the oil sands projects - as well as the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range. More than 2,500 facilities (mostly oil and gas) are listed in the lawsuit AND more than 16,000 authorizations are listed - the first time a lawsuit has specifically named so many development projects that have been approved by provincial and federal governments, infringing on Aboriginal treaty rights. The lawsuit, filed in The Court of Queen's Bench of Alberta in Edmonton, also says the development projects have reduced the abundance and diversity of Wildlife species available to the Beaver Lake Cree Nation and compromised, "the ecological, cultural and/or spiritual integrity of the Core Traditional Territory".

As the House of Commons was passing the new Specific Claims Tribunal Act, aimed at speeding up the resolution of First Nations claims, a major lawsuit was being launched by the Whitefish Lake First Nation. The land claim is for $550 billion, "for the failure of the Crown to provide the Atikameksheng Anishnawbek with a reservation consistent with the terms of the Robinson Huron Treaty of 1850" - the Crown was to have set aside a reservation that is more than five times larger than the current reservation that was set aside in 1885. "The Crown has failed to honour the terms of the treaty and the Atikameksheng Anishnawbek seek financial compensation for the loss of use of the land as well as the return of Crown land to the Atikameksheng Anishnawbek. The loss of use of the land in question has been conservatively valued at $550 billion and is based on an amount owing for all mineral and timber extraction that has taken place from 1850 to date."

May 13, 2008 - Canada's Indian Residential Schools Truth and Reconciliation Commission will begin its work on June 1st. The announcement came as Indian Affairs Minister Chuck Strahl named the final two appointments for the Commission. Jane Brewin Morley and Claudette Dumont-Smith are being appointed as Commissioners, and together with the Chair of the Commission, Justice Harry LaForme, they will begin their work on June 1, and former students who had been victimized by Residential Schools will have the opportunity "to come forward and ensure their stories are heard and recorded in history". The Commission will research and examine the conditions that gave rise to the Indian Residential Schools legacy. It will be an opportunity for people to share their experiences about a sad part of Canadian history that is still unknown to most Canadians. The Chair and the Commissioners were chosen from more than 300 submissions received in response to a public call for nominations. A Selection Panel, which included representatives from national Aboriginal Organizations, Church entities and Government, reviewed the submissions. Claudette Dumont-Smith has been actively involved in the field of Aboriginal health since 1974. She is a registered nurse and has acted in various executive capacities with the Aboriginal Nurses Association of Canada and the National Aboriginal Child Care Commission. Ms. Dumont-Smith has moderated health conferences across Canada and has collaborated on a number of papers and manuals about various aspects of Aboriginal health care programs. Ms. Dumont-Smith has served as a member of the Aboriginal circle of the Canadian Panel on Violence Against Women by the Aboriginal Nurses Association of Canada and as Associate Commissioner for the National Aboriginal Child Care Commission of the Native Council of Canada. Ms. Dumont-Smith is also an accomplished writer / researcher whose articles on a wide range of topics have been published by the Health Council of Canada, and the Aboriginal Healing Foundation, among others. Ms. Dumont-Smith holds her Master's degree in Public Administration from Queen's University, Kingston and also holds a Bachelor of Science in Nursing from the University of Quebec, Gatineau. Jane Brewin Morley is a lawyer, a facilitator, a mediator, an arbitrator, and a public policy advisor. Ms. Morley began her career in law with Pearlman & Lindholm of Victoria and continued with them as an associate until 1976, when she formed the law firm of Brewin, McCallum, Milne and Morley. Ms. Brewin Morley has served in many professional and public positions: Governor of the Law Foundation of B.C. (1991 - 1999, Chair 1998 - 1999); public representative on the Counsel of the College of Physicians & Surgeons of British Columbia (1994 - 2001) and Chair of the Jericho Individual Compensation Panel, a redress program for victims of institutional sexual abuse at the Jericho School for the Deaf and Blind (1996 - 2001). In 1993, she was honoured with an appointment as Queen's Council (Q.C.). Ms. Brewin Morley was also the Official Trustee of the Legal Services Society (2002 - 2003) and President of the BC Mediator Roster Society (2002 - 2006) and is currently a board member of the BC Dispute Resolution Practicum Society. From 2003 to 2006, she was the Child and Youth Officer for British Columbia. In 2007, Ms. Brewin Morley was appointed as an adjudicator for the Independent Assessment Program under the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement. Ms. Brewin Morley holds a Master of Arts in Political Science from the University of Toronto and a Bachelor of Law from Queen's University at Kingston.

May 12, 2008 - Grassy Narrows First Nation Chief Simon Fobister signed a memorandum of understanding to start negotiations on forest management with the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. The breakthrough follows six months of discussions between Grassy Narrows First Nation and former Supreme Court justice Frank Iacobucci, who was retained to advise the Minister of Natural Resources, Donna Cansfield. He met with representatives of Grassy Narrows to identify the community's concerns related to forest management and provide advice about possible approaches to address those concerns. He recommended that the ministry and Grassy Narrows enter into a shorter term working agreement to improve the understanding and cooperation between Grassy Narrows and the ministry on the sustainable management of forest resources in the Whiskey Jack Forest while respecting the rights and interests of others. Mr. Iacobucci recommended that committees and working groups be established to carry out specific activities such as: Completing a traditional use study - Completing an environmental inventory that includes traditional knowledge - Identifying economic and capacity-building opportunities to increase the participation of Grassy Narrows First Nation in the forest economy and, - Launching a pilot project to develop ways to integrate Grassy Narrows' traditional uses and areas of cultural significance with forest management activities. The signed Memorandum of Understanding means they will start negotiations toward this shorter term working agreement. The details and timeframes are expected to take the next three to six months to work out. Establishing committees and completing activities to be undertaken as part of the talks are expected to take four years. The results of this work will then be used as the basis for negotiating a long term agreement for the protection, management and use of the forest.

May 11, 2008 - While greeting cards, flowers and special meals are how some people celebrate Mother's Day, many Aboriginal Canadians are honouring missing and murdered women. For example, there were gatherings and marches in Victoria, B.C., Edmonton, Alberta and Winnipeg, Manitoba. The gathering on Vancouver Island, also was a prelude to this summer's Walk for Justice from BC to Ottawa. Meanwhile, students are joining in solidarity with the families of those with missing daughters, sisters, mothers and other loved ones, in remembering missing and murdered Aboriginal women. "Young Indigenous women are at least five times more likely than other women of the same age to die as a result of violence," said Amanda Aziz, National Chairperson of the Canadian Federation of Students. "This shocking fact demands government action." Communities across the country are holding events this weekend to raise awareness about missing Aboriginal women and to take a stand for justice, equality, and accountability for missing and murdered Aboriginal women and the families left behind. In conjunction with the events, students are calling on all levels of government to take whatever measures necessary to prevent attacks on women, and to bring those responsible for violence to justice. "The real dangers faced by Indigenous women in our communities must be recognized and prioritized by the federal government," said Mike White, National Aboriginal Representative of the Canadian Federation of Students. "The underlying factors of colonization, poverty and inequity that place so many Indigenous women in harms way must be immediately addressed." The Canadian Federation of Students is Canada's largest student organization, uniting over one-half million students from all ten provinces. The National Aboriginal Caucus of the Canadian Federation of Students is the national voice of Aboriginal students at universities and colleges in Canada.

May 9, 2008 - OPINION-EDITORIAL - GOVERNMENT COMMITTED TO VULNERABLE ABORIGINAL CHILDREN AND FAMILIES - By Tom Christensen Minister of Children and Family Development. "In the past several weeks, there has been a great deal of attention and focus on the challenges associated with better serving the child welfare needs of Aboriginal communities - an issue that successive governments have attempted to address. The system clearly has challenges, as reflected by the fact that Aboriginal people represent eight per cent of B.C.'s population but Aboriginal children account for more than one-half of the children in the care of the ministry. The issues are complex, they require a thoughtful long-term approach and because the child welfare system involves the provincial and federal governments and approximately 200 First Nations, broader decisions require a collaborative effort if we are going to make the kind of progress we all desire. Ensuring that Aboriginal communities have access to a full range of effective services that reflect and support culture and tradition is a key aspect of improving outcomes for vulnerable Aboriginal children and youth. In recent years the ministry has taken many important steps to enhance, improve and deliver programs and services in a more culturally appropriate manner. Since 2001, the number of Aboriginal children served by an Aboriginal agency has increased by 300 per cent; six delegation agency agreements have been established since 2001, bringing the total to 24 province-wide; since 2004, more than 1,500 Aboriginal children in care of the ministry have been connected to their culture and community through a program entitled, Roots are Forever, and; in the past four years, funding for services to Aboriginal children and families has increased more than 20 per cent. The ministry is committed to building on these successes. A recently released action plan establishes specific actions, timelines and outcomes that the ministry is working on to enhance and improve all areas of the ministry's work. Let there be no doubt that there is strong commitment on the part of the ministry, government and First Nations to improve the system of support for vulnerable Aboriginal children and families."

This is what Chuck Strahl, Federal Minister of Indian Affairs is saying, in a letter sent to media, following the release of the Auditor General's scathing report on the children and families program. "I agree with aboriginal leaders who say the 20-year-old funding formula used by our child and family services program needs to be updated. Our government believes that prevention-focused changes are required. Funding has increased dramatically under our government. Investments under the Liberals stood at $193 million in 1996-'97, while in 2006-'07, we committed $450 million. And the federal budget has committed an additional $43 million over two years to continue to improve child and family services on reserves. But money alone won't fix this problem. We are working with provinces and First Nations who are committed to implementing changes in child and family services on reserves to help build healthier communities. We have a tripartite partnership with Alberta, and other provinces are looking at this model. My department is moving toward a targeted funding approach that is based on provincial legislation and standards. Agencies providing services will develop business plans based on community needs and priorities, with the goal of decreasing the number of children taken into care. This means agencies will have more flexibility to deliver improved services."

Assembly of First Nations National Chief Phil Fontaine issued the following statement today regarding Chapter 4 of the Auditor General's Report on First Nations Child and Family Services. "We welcome the report of the Auditor General.It confirms everything we have been saying since the mid-1990s. First Nations children who are in state care are not being treated fairly and do not receive the same level of services as other Canadian children in similar circumstances. We must ensure that these children are properly cared for and that the child welfare agencies have the proper resources to do the job." "We agree with the Auditor General's finding that the funding formula does not work. Funding should be tied to the services we expect all children to receive and the actual number of children in care. As the Auditor General points out, the funding formula has not been reviewed since 1988, and it has not been adjusted for inflation since 1995. As a result, the agencies caring for First Nations children receive 22 percent less funding than provincial agencies. As the Auditor General pointed out, unfair funding leads to inequitable care." "The federal government has long known about these inequities. We proposed solutions in our 2005 Wen:de report and in our 2006 Leadership Action Plan on First Nations Child Welfare. When the present federal government refused to work with us on solutions, we filed a complaint with the Canadian Human Rights Commission in 2007. The Auditor General's report offers strong evidence which bolsters our complaint. The CHRC has called twice for mediation since they received the complaint. We accepted but federal officials refused in both instances. In light of the Auditor General's report, we will renew efforts with Minister Chuck Strahl, Minister Tony Clement and the federal government to develop an appropriate solution as soon as possible." "The Auditor General also examined the Alberta model and identified concerns with it and she noted it would require a 75% increase in funding to implement it nationally. We hear growing concerns from Alberta about the new funding formula. The Auditor General's report points to similar concerns." "The number of First Nations children in state care is a national crisis that requires a national solution. The Auditor General said that the solutions must be developed with active First Nations participation and on an urgent basis that responds to the crisis." "We have called for a second National Day of Action to reach out to Canadians and ask them to support a better future for our children and for Canada as a whole. We know that Canadians are fair-minded people and when they learn the real story about situations like this, where the government is treating defenseless children unfairly, they will rally in support of our children and families as they did last year." "Canada is a signatory to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and is bound to it by international law. Canada should urgently address all known cases of inequity regarding the human rights of children in its care and not stall on implementing solutions. The health and well-being of our children is at stake." "We strongly agree with the Auditor General's statement regarding Jordan's Principle. We are concerned that children are in state care because it is the only way they can access necessary medical care. No parent should be forced to choose between keeping their child or having them access health care. We are very concerned about how long it is taking the federal government to respond to the needs of First Nations children."

May 8, 2008 - Longstanding grievances with Ottawa over the impact of past power projects, will stall Conawapa, a major Manitoba Hydro project. Much of Fox Lake Cree Nation's traditional territory, including homes, cultural sites and gravesites, were flooded during the construction of the Kettle Rapids Generating Station in the 1960s. Fox Lake members living in and around Gillam were relocated under duress to accommodate the influx of workers during the construction of Kettle Rapids and other dams near Gillam. Fox Lake Cree Nation Chief George Neepin is calling on Prime Minister Stephen Harper and the federal government to immediately begin negotiations to acknowledge their responsibility for past wrongs to his people. He wants the government to "acknowledge its liability for impacts of Hydro development starting in the 1960s, which were made worse by the federal government's failure to provide a Reserve in what had previously been their home community of Gillam". Fox Lake Cree Nation needs additional Reserve lands within Gillam and elsewhere. Chief Neepin has strong political support. AFN National Chief Phil Fontaine and Manitoba Cabinet Minister Eric Robinson said Monday that the Conawapa Hydro project shouldn't go ahead until Fox Lake's outstanding issues with Ottawa are resolved. "Fox Lake first. Conawapa second. This is what it's going to be all about," said Chief Neepin at an information rally of about 200 Fox Lake Members gathered on Highway 290 near Fox Lake's home community at Bird. "We have to send a clear message to Canada that Conawapa and all these other developments in our Traditional Territory will not go ahead until they deal with Fox Lake." National Chief Fontaine stated, "Your cause is right. Your fight is about justice, and I want to make very clear that we support your position." In the 1960s the federal government denied the Fox Lake people the land base they were entitled to in Gillam. Fox Lake was then swept out of the way to build Manitoba's three biggest dams - Kettle, Long Spruce, and Limestone. The federal government has never acknowledged its responsibility in this. "Many of our people now live off-reserve in Gillam," said Chief Neepin. "If they're going to have the support they need to deal with the influx of workers we expect from Conawapa and other projects, we need a Reserve in Gillam. Manitoba Hydro has acknowledged this in discussions with us, but if it's going to happen the federal government will have to accept its responsibility for what was done to Fox Lake in past decades and work with us." Fox Lake Cree Nation is located on the lower Nelson River, about 700 km north of Winnipeg.

Canada announced federal funding of $30.5 million over five years, under the National Anti-Drug Strategy, to bolster services that will help First Nations and Inuit who suffer from drug addictions. This new funding will enhance addiction treatment services that the Government of Canada currently funds through Health Canada's National Native Alcohol and Drug Abuse Program and the Youth Solvent Abuse Program. It will result in improved access to drug abuse treatment for First Nations and Inuit youth and their families.

Support is growing - most Canadians, 53 percent surveyed said the government should apologize to Aboriginal Canadians. The Angus Reid Poll also found that only 39 per cent believe sincere reconciliation is possible. 32 per cent think its not possible. The results come less than a month before the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) - a component of the negotiated Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRS) begins a five-year mandate that will seek to gather the experiences of those affected by the Residential School legacy as a way to promote understanding and reconciliation. In February, Australian Prime Minister and leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) Kevin Rudd became the first head of government to formally apologize to Australia's Aboriginal population for the "laws and policies of successive parliaments and governments that have inflicted profound grief, suffering and loss" upon them. In the Angus Reid Strategies survey, respondents were asked whether the Canadian government should follow the Australian model and apologize to the country's native populations. More than half of Canadians think Ottawa should offer an apology to Canadian Aboriginals - 28 per cent disagree. Support for an official act of contrition has increased by 11 percentage points since the previous Angus Reid poll on this issue, conducted in March.

May 7, 2008 - Two damning reports on children and families services - The First Nations Summit politicians say it is startling, "Combined, these reports reveal a startling picture of how the welfare of vulnerable Aboriginal children is often subjected to government whimsy. This is totally unacceptable. Both governments must move with the highest priority and extreme diligence to address the important recommendations and findings contained in these reports, which, among other things, found our children do not receive appropriate in-care services comparable to other children, nationally or provincially," said Grand Chief Edward John, member of the First Nations Summit political executive. However, BC's delegated First Nations child and family services agencies are pleased, and they are not surprised by the Auditor General of BC's critical report on the Management of Aboriginal Child Protection Services. A news release explained, "First Nations service providers took on the responsibility of caring for their membership in part to ensure that their children and families in need of services were provided for in a culturally appropriate manner. Agency standards have always met or exceeded the expectations placed on the practice of MCFD. Although the higher expectations was imposed by MCFD in order to receive delegation to do the work, First Nations practitioners have always wanted more, rather than less, for their children. The Auditor General's recommendation that MCFD practitioners responsible for Aboriginal children adopt the Aboriginal Practice Standards and Indicators is a significant endorsement of First Nations practice and a step closer to ensuring that all First Nations, Aboriginal and Metis children will be served in a culturally appropriate manner." The agencies say their long standing position was validated by the provincial report. It stresses that "the lack of an effective collaborative approach by the provincial oversight groups means there is limited action taken. . ." The report encourages the Ministry of Children and Family Development to consult with First Nations organizations in a meaningful way. "Our hope is that this time 'meaningful' means the end to MCFD telling us what they are going to do to, or for us, and the beginning of MCFD asking us what is needed and actually listening to our replies. For First Nations agencies, this is not about clients, bulging caseloads or another intake. It is about our children, our families, our communities, and our futures. We have a vested interest, please hear us." The First Nations child and family services agencies have been saying for a long time that to practice effectively, they need to be resourced effectively. This was recognized by the BC Auditor General as a critical isue. The agencies explained further in a news release - "The disparity between on and off reserve services continues to be a source of embarrassment to two levels of government who continue to endorse principles - such as the child first oriented Jordan's Principle - but who continue to argue over jurisdiction. In keeping with the report's recommendations, First Nations practitioners have shared their knowledge of protection needs with MCFD and seen little progress on addressing those needs. If $37 million can be spent on planning and thinking about the creation of regional Aboriginal authorities, there must be money available to spend on actual 'equitably accessible and culturally appropriate services'. Both the provincial and federal auditor generals reported longstanding issues ( identified by First Nations child and family service agencies ) continue to remain unresolved. "We have the answers," say the agencies - the practioners of First Nations child and family services.

May 6, 2008 - The BC Auditor General said child protection needs still are not being met. The federal Auditor General said Indian Affairs doesn't know what's going on with its underfunded First Nations child and family services program.

- Auditor General Sheila Fraser and her team say the funding INAC provides to First Nations child welfare agencies for operating child welfare services is not based on the actual cost of delivering those services. It is based on a funding formula that the Department applies nationwide. The formula dates from 1988. It has not been changed to reflect variations in legislation and in child welfare services from province to province, or the actual number of children in care. The Department has not defined key policy requirements related to comparability and cultural appropriateness of services. Conclusion - Our audit found that Indian and Northern Affairs Canada does not have assurance that the First Nations Child and Family Services Program funds child welfare services for on-reserve First Nations children and families that are culturally appropriate and reasonably comparable with those normally provided off reserves in similar circumstances. In most provinces we visited, many on-reserve children and families do not always have access to the child welfare services defined in relevant provincial legislation and available to those living off reserves. We also found that INAC obtains insufficient assurance that the child welfare services funded under the First Nations Child and Family Services Program are delivered in accordance with relevant provincial legislation and standards. Finally, INAC does not have sufficient and appropriate information to monitor the program's results and costs for purposes of both program management and accountability. "In our view, the program needs to be better supported, managed, and overseen. It also requires better information on results and on the outcomes for children. Although the solutions to some of the problems faced by on-reserve children and families do not depend entirely on the availability and quality of child welfare services, steps need to be taken to address the management deficiencies noted in this audit."

- The report, Management of Aboriginal Child Protection Services, was released by BC Auditor General John Doyle who said, "more collaboration and a more strategic approach is needed if Aboriginal child protection goals in BC are to be met". Doyle reported that the actual cost of implementing government's Aboriginal child protection service approach is still unknown. "The ministry has not identified the needs and resources required for Aboriginal child protection services," he said, "And it does not publicly report on how well these services are being delivered." While Aboriginal children account for only 8% of children in the province, they make up 51% of children in the legal care of the province, a proportion that is higher than the national average of 30-40%. "The overrepresentation of Aboriginal and First Nation's children in care - and the indications that outcomes are poor - call for all parties involved in the child welfare system to find better ways of meeting their needs". Only eight of the 24 delegated Aboriginal agencies have qualified to deliver full child protection services. Becoming qualified to deliver full child protection services has been too difficult for small agencies. This means it is likely the ministry will, for some time, have to continue providing some child protection services in many locations across the province. "We recommend the ministry, in consultation with First Nations and Aboriginal organizations, determine whether transfer of all child protection services to Aboriginal agencies is still viable and, if not, adjust the service delivery approach to support some continued ministry service that meets the needs of Aboriginal children and their families." Standards developed to guide culturally appropriate child protection are already being used by delegated Aboriginal agencies but not by the ministry. "We recommend the ministry adopt the protection standards used by Aboriginal agencies as their own for Aboriginal children and their families." The ministry information does not measure whether a child's needs were met or if good outcomes are achieved. "We recommend the ministry, in consultation with First Nations and Aboriginal organizations, develop and monitor measures that determine whether a child's needs are met and if good outcomes are achieved."

In Ontario's north, provincial emergency officials are working closely with community leaders in Attawapiskat to monitor the ice breakup near that First Nation. As a precaution, 12 residents who were receiving medical care at the local clinic have already been airlifted by air ambulance to facilities across northern Ontario. Meanwhile, Ontario Emergency Management officials reported all 861 Kashechewan residents are back in their community, after an 11 day evacuation, caused by the threat of severe flooding. Residents of Fort Albany also started returning home. All 556 Fort Albany residents are to be flown home by tonight.

May 5, 2008 - 15 staff with the Nisga'a Nation's Child and Family Services Department in the Nass Valley, Terrace and Prince Rupert are now members of the B.C. Government and Service Employees' Union. They provide a wide-range of programs and services to meet the physical, emotional and cultural well being of Nisga'a children and their families. "We're pleased to welcome these new members to the BCGEU," says union president George Heyman. "We look forward to working with them to set bargaining priorities and begin the process of negotiating a first collective agreement with the Nisga'a Nation." Heyman said the workers chose BCGEU to help give them a stronger voice in developing terms and conditions of employment and practise standards that guide the programs and services they provide to citizens of the Nisga'a Nation. Heyman praised Nisga'a Nation officials for the reasoned and proactive approach they took to ensure that their employees had the right to choose to join a union. Heymans says BCGEU represents many Aboriginal workers in areas like social services, native court workers, health care, education, friendship centers, band offices, fire fighters along with those who work for the provincial government and other agencies. "We will continue to develop our relationships within First Nations communities in recognition of the unique needs, concerns and traditions of Aboriginal workers," says Heyman.

The Metis Nation of Alberta (MNA) won a major court victory, affirming its governance. The Court of Queen's Bench of Alberta upheld the decision of the MNA Judiciary Council to reprimand and suspend Rick Boucher, MNA Region 1 Vice President. Justice M.A. Binder, of the Alberta Court of Queen's Bench concluded that the MNA Judiciary Council was within its "jurisdiction" in issuing its December 18, 2007, written decision that Mr. Boucher's actions were "gravely detrimental" to the Metis Nation and suspending him until 2010. President Audrey Poitras said, "The Alberta Court validated what our own Metis self-government institution, the MNA Judiciary Council, correctly confirmed back in December 2007. Namely, Metis leaders are elected to serve the interests of the Metis people, not their own self interest". The initial complaint against Mr. Boucher, to the MNA Judiciary Council, was filed in May 2007. It was grounded on MNA Provincial Council's unanimous motion (seconded by Boucher) to pursue a direct, bilateral agreement with Health Canada for the delivery of the Aboriginal Health Human Resource Initiative (AHHRI), as opposed to entering an unmanageable, unrealistic sub-agreement with the Metis National Council (MNC) for the delivery of this federal program. In March 2007, unbeknownst to the MNA President, and the majority of Provincial Council, and MNA Region One Regional Council, Mr. Boucher negotiated and entered into an agreement with the MNC for the delivery of the same AHHRI funding through Metco Ventures Inc., a company privately owned by Boucher, as 100 per cent shareholder, at the signing of the agreement. The agreement provided for Metco Ventures Inc. to deliver Metis health programs in Alberta, rather than the MNA. The MNA Judiciary Council found that Mr. Boucher "made a decision to use a company he controlled to take an agreement away from the MNA", that Mr. Boucher "owed a duty to the MNA" and that "he had no right to act on his own contrary to the motion" passed by the MNA Provincial Council in February 2007. The MNA Judiciary Council reprimanded and immediately suspended Mr. Boucher from the MNA Provincial Council and from holding specific positions in the MNA until December 18, 2010. Mr. Boucher rejected the jurisdiction and questioned the integrity of the Metis Nation to govern its own affairs by attempting to have the MNA Judiciary Council decision overturned by the non-Metis court. He lost! "It is now time that all members of the MNA Provincial Council focus their attention on doing what we were elected to do," President Poitras added. "We must now come together to push forward on our Metis rights agenda and to help Metis children, families and communities." Marlene Lanz, MNA Region 3 President and Minister for Family and Wellness said, "I also hope the Metis National Council's President, Clem Chartier, and the former MNC Minister for Health, David Chartrand, understand what this judgment means. They should not have used the MNC and Metis health dollars as a way to interfere in politics in Alberta. They should have respected the MNA President and the MNA Provincial Council, rather than trying to pretend they know best for Alberta Metis."

The Tseshaht First Nation's administration building - a stunning house of governance overlooking the Somass River in Port Alberni has been recognized with two industry awards. The Vancouver Island Real Estate Board's (VIREB) first annual Commercial Division Commercial Building Awards honoured the new building with their Judge's Choice Award for best building overall and the Award of Excellence for the Institutional/Community Division. The building, built with wood harvested from Tseshaht lands nearby, was also honoured with the Institutional Wood Design award at the fourth annual Wood WORKS! Awards Gala organized by the Canadian Wood Council. The Institutional Wood Design award, sponsored by Coast Forest Products Association, recognizes the benefits and special qualities of wood in institutional applications such as strength, beauty, versatility and cost-effectiveness. "The wood structure appears to be floating above the river's edge, maintaining the symbiotic relationship between the internal spaces and natural exterior," commented the jury about the Tseshaht building. Tseshaht Chief Councillor, Les Sam welcomed the recognition. "We can all be proud that our house of governance is being recognized for its aesthetic appeal and connection to the natural environment. And we hope that this recognition will also bring to light the importance of this new building to a new beginning for the Tseshaht". Last fall, members of the Tseshaht First Nation left behind their old administration building - the former Port Alberni Residential School - and all its painful memories to walk up the hill, together, to their new house of governance. This collective journey uphill symbolized the beginning of a new era for the Tseshaht in which they are rising both economically and culturally and contributing to positive change in Port Alberni. "The recognition will only enhance opportunities for our Nation and the Alberni Valley as a whole as we continue to move forward with community and economic development activities," said Chief Sam.

Congratulations to film director, producer, educator, storyteller Alanis Obomsawin who received the Governor General's Performing Arts Award for Lifetime Artistic Achievement. The formal ceremony took place last Friday at Rideau Hall in Ottawa. In her speech, the Governor General said, "What you, the artists, help us to hear and see, what you give to us, is a celebration of life at its rarest and most dazzling, but also at its most tragic and horrifying. We could not live without your freedom and willingness to speak the unspeakable. . . We could not live without you, Alanis Obomsawin, who have opened our eyes to the indomitable strength of Aboriginal cultures, dispelling prejudices and preconceived ideas". Alanis Obomsawin, a member of the Abenaki Nation, is one of Canada's most distinguished documentary filmmakers, a passionate advocate for education and social justice, and a proud defender of Aboriginal culture. As a writer, director and producer she has made more than 30 documentaries on issues affecting Aboriginal people in Canada. Ms. Obomsawin (her surname means "pathfinder") was born in New Hampshire in 1932 and grew up on the Odanak Reserve in Quebec. She performed as a singer and storyteller across North America and Europe, raising awareness of Aboriginal history and culture. In 1967 she began her long affiliation with the National Film Board of Canada, and wrote and directed her first film in 1971. Her credits include Gene Boy Came Home (2007), Waban-Aki: People from Where the Sun Rises (2006), Is the Crown at War with Us? (2002), Kanehsatake: 270 Years of Resistance (1993), Richard Cardinal: Cry from a Diary of a Metis Child (1986), Incident at Restigouche (1984), and Mother of Many Children (1977).

May 3, 2008 - Syncrude blamed bad weather for the duck deaths in a toxic tarsands tailings pond. The deaths sparked First Nations fears for migrating waterfowl. The death of 500 ducks is a "terrible tragedy," said Prime Minister Harper. Here is some information based on a Dene government news release - Spring is here and for thousands of years Dene have gone to their camps or headed out in their boats to hunt for ducks and geese. Dene depend on this important resource to feed their families and it is an important part of their culture and traditions. Today, Dene National Chief Bill Erasmus fears for his people when he heard about ducks landing in Syncrude's tailings pond in Alberta. National Chief Erasmus stated that, "ducks, geese and other waterfowl do not have a chance considering the toxicity of the waste material in those ponds." The National Chief went on to say that "It is the responsibility of the Federal Government to ensure that these sites are monitored so that such catastrophes do not occur. Measures must be taken immediately before we end up with more birds dying. The tar sands and tailings pond are located in the Flyway zone of migratory birds heading north for nesting and the birds do not know that these ponds are toxic. "In fact, we do not know what exists in those tailings ponds. We want testing to take place for mercury, arsenic, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that are harmful to all living things. As the birds migrate north they stop to rest in different areas and continue on to regions in the NWT. When the bird's feathers become coated they eventually die from hypothermia as they lose the insulating factor of their feathers." The Dene National Chief asks all hunters to report any birds that they come across that are contaminated with oil. "It is important to know the extent of the problem because we must intervene to preserve this important resource that is such a large part of our history and culture."

According to Syncrude the incident happened because of a recent snowstorm that knocked out use of sound cannons that are used to keep ducks away from the tailings pond. The latest controversy surrounding the oilsands comes at a time when the Alberta government is claiming in international messages, that it is an environment-friendly province. The Calgary Herald reported, "The timing of the incident couldn't be worse for Alberta, as deputy premier Ron Stevens just returned from Washington, where he was selling the northern Alberta oilsands as environmentally sustainable and a secure source of energy".

May 2, 2008 - I have no doubt that Chuck Strahl is an incredibly hard worker, with ideals, and beliefs that he is doing the very best he can, all things considered. Since he took over, the Minister made sure the Department of Indian Affairs has moved forward. Systems have been re-wired, deals have been cut, claims settled, money spent far and wide and yes, some First Nations people are better off today, than prior to his assuming control of DIA. But the problem with the Minister going to the UN this week to proclaim Canada's major inroads in addressing Indigenous Peoples issues, is that history both ancient and recent, represent his nemesis. Canada has such a long-standing deficit in Aboriginal relations, compounded by the Conservative government's obvious, minimal Aboriginal agenda - plus a shameful international record of dissing Indigenous rights. No matter what he told the UN gathering about successful programs and progress, from the get-go he faced overwhelming odds that favoured he would win no praise, only contempt.

Assembly of First Nations National Chief Phil Fontaine issued the following statement today regarding Indian Affairs Minister Chuck Strahl's justification of the minority Conservative federal government's opposition to the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and his government's characterization of the gains made for First Nations under the Conservative agenda during his recent trip to the United Nations in New York City. "The Conservative government's sustained opposition to the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples has tarnished Canada's international reputation and branded Canada as unreliable and uncooperative in international human rights processes. It is clear that the Conservative government's domestic political agenda is taking precedence over the promotion and protection of human rights for Indigenous peoples in Canada and worldwide. The federal government's stance is a particularly regressive and limiting basis upon which to advance fruitful Indigenous-state relations in Canada and abroad. It seems that this government has been unwavering in their resolve for a weak Declaration and weak human-rights standards in Canada despite their rhetoric to the contrary." "The Conservative government's opinion regarding the UN Declaration is contrary to widespread legal expert opinion. In an open letter issued yesterday, more than 100 legal scholars and experts noted that there was no sound legal reason that would prevent Canada from supporting the UN Declaration. The same conclusion was drawn by human rights and legal experts from around the world at an international symposium on the UN Declaration held in February in Vancouver by the AFN. Leading officials and experts within the UN system have echoed the same opinion. As a result, Canada is becoming increasingly isolated on the international stage for adhering to an unsubstantiated position against the Declaration and for using their position on the Human Rights Council to achieve their own political goals in Canada. Canada cannot cherry-pick which international human rights instruments they will choose to respect. These short-sighted decisions have serious long term implications for Canada's international standing on human rights." "Moreover, the Conservative government's decisions have failed to address fundamental fiscal inequities in education, housing, health and other social and economic conditions that are the source of the poverty in First Nations communities, despite this government's claims "about getting the job done". The National Day of Action on May 29 will draw national and international attention on the shortcomings of the federal government to make meaningful investments or address the serious quality of life issues our communities and people face. Such important policy decisions must be made in consultation and with the consent of First Nations." "The UN Declaration is a foundational document that sets out "the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of Indigenous peoples" (Article 43). With an overwhelming majority of 144 states and only 11 abstentions, the UN General Assembly adopted on September 13, 2007 a Declaration which upholds the human, political, spiritual, land and resources rights of the world's Indigenous people. Only Canada, New Zealand, Australia and the United States voted against the Declaration. Australia has since reversed its decision and has declared its support of this unique human rightsinstrument to advance Indigenous rights in Australia and abroad." "I urge the federal government to abide by the will of First Nations, the will of the United Nations General Assembly, the will of Canadians, and the will Parliament, and implement the principles and standards in the Declaration, as adopted by the House of Commons on April 8, 2008. The motion to support implementation of the Declaration in Canada was passed by a majority of sitting Members of Parliament. The majority of MPs who voted for the implementation of the Declaration, represent the majority of Canadians. First Nations and all Canadians deserve respect for their popular will and the fundamental principles of representative democracy."

It was supposed to be a good news story. Aboriginal Authorities Legislation would enable First Nations and Metis to have greater control over their children and families in BC. But on the eve of the government introducing the legislation, First Nations political leaders complained they had not been adequately involved in the decision-making. Following the receipt of a scathing letter from the Union of BC Indian Chiefs, the Minister of Children and Family Development decided not to proceed with the introduction of the legislation. The strange thing about this, is that the current interim Aboriginal Authorities are governed by well respected representatives from First Nations communities. The directors are well known to the First Nations political leadership, and you would think there must have been meaningful communication between all parties, for several years - at least, especially when you consider the common interest - to provide better service to Aboriginal children and families, both on and off-reserve. Instead, a nasty political volcano has erupted, enabling the flow of more words from the politicians, Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal, who can now have a field day debating it, while child welfare issues remain unresolved.

May 1, 2008 - The BC Government was forced to put the brakes on legislation firming up the regional Aboriginal Authorities for child welfare governance. Ministry of Children and Families was expected to put the legislation forward this week, but the Union of BC Indian Chiefs slammed the Minister of MCFD for moving ahead despite First Nations opposition. Here's the letter - The Union of BC Indian Chiefs vehemently opposes the introduction of Regional Aboriginal Authority legislation into the British Columbia Legislature on Wednesday April 30, 2008. We have worked with the Ministry of Children and Family Development for the past six (6) years since the signing of the historic Tsawwassen Accord, Memorandum of Understanding for Aboriginal Children, the New Relationship Accord and numerous other challenging obstacles. The Union is vastly disappointed that throughout the five years of our working relationship, that at the last moment, we were informed that you would introduce Regional Aboriginal Authority Legislation, despite strong opposition expressed to you twice in the last two weeks from the BC First Nations Leadership Council. The establishment of meaningful legislation would reflect a government-to-government relationship based upon mutual respect, recognition and reconciliation - the very principles your provincial government committed to in the New Relationship. This unilateral decision to move the legislation, despite constant objections from First Nations leadership in British Columbia which only serves as a shameful reminder that the honour of the BC Crown is not being upheld. The Union of BC Indian Chiefs, First Nations and Aboriginal People have worked diligently towards a new approach to providing services and support to our most vulnerable citizens - Our children. We have vested time, energy, resources and good faith in working with your Ministry. It has been a huge disappointment that minimal efforts have been made in the area of consultation and accommodation in the legislative process. The introduction of RAA legislation will only serve to further alienate the First Nations and Aboriginal People in British Columbia. For far too long, First Nations have experienced government policies that have negatively impacted our children, communities and Nations. We cannot stand idly by, as you move forward in a unilateral fashion. This approach goes against the very spirit and intent of the Tsawwassen Accord and Memorandum of Understanding for Aboriginal Children. The Union of BC Indian Chiefs asserts that the recognition of our inherent jurisdiction for our children and families must not be fettered by the Ministry of Children and Family Development. Our constituents have directed the UB CIC Social Development Committee to remain steadfastly committed to the vision and principles set out in our documents Calling Forth our Future and Coordinated Aboriginal Children's' Agenda. The Union of BC Indian Chiefs has worked with Deputy Minister Lesley du Toit who has remained committed to a meaningful working relationship with First Nations in British Columbia. To introduce legislation will only extinguish the efforts made by Deputy Minister Lesley du Toit and create negative strain on an already fragile First Nations-Crown relationship in British Columbia. Finally, the introduction of this legislation will dislodge and alienate the regional aboriginal planning committees and interim authorities. The Union of BC Indian Chiefs has advocated that each and every region must have the necessary capacity and resources to move forward towards regionalization. As recently confirmed by BC Representative for Children and Youth, Mary-Ellen Turpel-Lafond has highlighted the major crises occurring within the BC child welfare system in her report Amanda, Savannah, Rowen, Serena - From Loss to Learning. This has clearly demonstrated that the Ministry of Children and Family Development must work with First Nations to improve the lives of all children in British Columbia. The Ministry of Children and Family Development cannot continue in a unilateral fashion, while Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal children suffer in a defective child welfare system. The Union of BC Indian Chiefs opposes and completely rejects MCFD's unilateral decision to move forward without any meaningful consideration of First Nations in British Columbia. In order to demonstrate a meaningful government-to-government relationship, MCFD must work in coordinated efforts with First Nations and Aboriginal People towards a child welfare system that protects and works in the best interest of our children; to do otherwise would be a failure on your part and ours.

In the wake of recent outbreaks of violence, Samson Cree Nation leaders have toughened-up the community curfew by-law. Chief and Council announced an amended Curfew Bylaw. The 10:00 p.m. curfew applies to youth from 12 to 17 years of age and has been put into place by the Samson Cree Nation "as an additional tool to aid in fighting crime". Chief Marvin Yellowbird stated "I have heard from the Samson membership including many parents that the curfew will help to protect young people and we have been urged to amend our Curfew Bylaw and have it enforced. We are very concerned about an increase in violence in our community and we are determined to implement a number of concrete measures deemed appropriate and necessary including a curfew to protect our members and reduce crime". Over the past two weeks Samson Cree Nation members have seen an increase in activity and patrols by the RCMP throughout the Reserve. Samson Chief and Council has recently established the Samson Safe Community Task Force made up of a variety of community representatives to examine, analyze and make formal recommendations on ways to reduce violence and address the underlying reasons for same. Inspector Don Ladouceur, Inspector In Charge of the Hobbema Detachment stated, "The Hobbema RCMP detachment will continue working in a partnership approach with the Samson Cree Nation and its leadership to enforce the Samson Curfew Bylaw. The detachment officers will continue to take appropriate action partnering with various community agencies targeting crime reduction in the Samson-Maskwachees Community". Additional Information about Samson Curfew - Does the curfew apply to non-Samson members? Yes. The Bylaw applies to all persons between the ages of 12 to 17 who are within the Samson Cree Nation Reserve. This includes Samson residents as well as young people who reside elsewhere. How will the Bylaw be enforced? Anyone between 12 and 17 years of age who violates curfew (10:00 p.m.-6:00 a.m.) will be held by the RCMP. In most cases, the juvenile will be taken to the RCMP Detachment Building. A parent, legal guardian, or other responsible adult will be contacted to pick up the child immediately. Consultations will take place with adolescents and parents together with members of the RCMP about the violation. What are the penalties for violating the Samson Curfew Bylaw? After meeting with the Council or any other person appointed by Samson Council, an adolescent who is found to be in a public place during the prohibited hours, contrary to section 3 of the Samson curfew Bylaw, commits an offence. Every person who contravenes the Samson Bylaw is subject to a fine not to exceed $500 or 30 days in jail or both. In certain cases warnings will be issued. It is important to point out that persons under 18 years of age are Exempt from curfew if they - Accompany a parent or guardian or other responsible adult over 21 years of age - Work or return home from a job, without detour or stop - Attend on official school, religious, cultural, recreational or other activities sponsored by the Samson Cree Nation or recognized community organization, parental groups or other similar groups that take responsibility for the juvenile (this includes travelling to and from the activity). What programs and services are available for young members? Samson Cree Nation and the Maskwachees Community have a variety of recreation and education programs and services that serve young people. Additional programming specifically for youth is currently being examined. Counselling services are available for youth and families through Samson Social Services and other community organizations.

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